How To Remove Dead Skin From Feet

Hard, dry, and cracked skin under your feet is a common issue among many. Your feet have fewer oil glands than the other areas of your body. Hence, the feet experience daily wear and tear, leading to dead skin on the feet.

Dead skin on and under the feet may get embarrassing too. But fret not the right treatment methods can help remove the dead skin and restore your feets’ smoother texture. Keep reading to know how to remove thick dead skin from the feet.

Various Kinds Of Hard Skin Under The Feet

Various types of hard skin tend to form under your feet due to constant pressure and friction. These are discussed below:

• Corns

Corns are small, round buildups of thick skin areas commonly seen on the tops or sides of your toes. There are several types of corns as listed below:

A survey was conducted with 50,228 participants with the aim of determining which individuals experience more foot pain and the common causes of foot pain in adults, the various reasons being corns, callous, bunions, and foot infections. 56% of participants were classed as overweight, 26.3% had back pain, 23.1% were associated with knee pain, and 11.8% were classed with hip pain. Moderate to severe foot pain was noted in individuals with high obesity, back pain, hip pain, and bunions. The foot pain was significantly worse in such participants and thus hindered proper foot function and foot health.

• Hard Corns

They are small and hard/dense skin areas that usually form within a larger area of thickened skin. They form on the top of the toes or areas with acute bone pressure against the skin (1).

• Soft Corns

Soft corns are generally whitish or gray and have a softer, rubbery texture. These mostly appear between the toes (1).

• Seed Corns

Seed corns are much smaller and usually form at the bottom of the feet.

• Calluses

Unlike corns, calluses are hard and thick patches of skin. These are larger than corns and have an irregular or spread-out shape (2). They can be mostly seen at the bottom of your foot, on the bony areas that carry your weight (such as the big toe, heel, ball of the foot, or along the side of the foot).

Calluses are also seen on hands too, especially where there is repeated friction or rubbing. Weight lifters, craftsmen, or guitar (or any other musical instrument with strings) players tend to develop calluses on their hands/fingers.

The best way to know if you have corns or calluses is to be aware of their symptoms. We have covered the same in the following section.

Symptoms And Signs Of Corns And Calluses

The major symptoms and signs of corns and calluses include:

• Dry, flaky, and thick areas of skin
• Rounded or conical hard-shaped structures on foot skin
• Foot pain that may interfere with walking or any other physical activity
• Unpleasant foot odor

These symptoms can help you identify if you may have calluses or corns. But what causes them in the first place? Understanding the causes of dry and cracked heels/feet can help you choose the right mode of treatment. Read on to learn more about the reason behind getting dead skin on the feet.

What Causes Dry, Cracked Feet And Heels?

1. Lack Of Moisture

Hard, dry, cracked, and flaking skin is most common on the heels and feet soles as they have the least number of oil glands.

These areas do not receive enough moisture.

2. Heat And Humidity

Frequently wearing closed shoes, such as boots and sneakers, can create a humid environment around your feet. Exposing feet to such heat and humidity may draw out the skin moisture and cause them to become thick, dry, and crack.

3. Irritation

Wearing ill-fitting shoes for long hours or standing for too long can also put constant pressure on your feet (3).

It also causes excessive friction against the skin and can make it dry, hard, or calloused.

4. Aging

With age, our skin loses the ability to retain water and becomes thinner and less plump. This is one reason older people going through the natural aging process more frequently experience dry and hard skin (4).

5. Obesity

Obesity is another cause of dry feet skin simply because the feet carry more weight than usual. This added weight may hinder blood circulation and cause feet to harden (5).

6. Specific Medical Conditions

Certain medical conditions like psoriasisⁱ  A chronic skin condition that causes itchy, scaly, and rash-like inflamed patches on the skin. , athlete’s foot, eczemaⁱ  A skin condition that causes roughness, inflammation, and blisters that may bleed and itch. , and cancer may also cause the skin under the feet to become rough, scaly, and dry. Systemic medical conditions like diabetes and hypothyroidism may also aggravate the problem (6).

7. Excessive Use Of Soaps

Excessive use of soaps and body washes containing harsh chemicals or irritants may suck out moisture from the skin and cause it to go dry and hard. Even failing to wash the excess soap off the feet may lead to dryness.

Yes, hard and dry feet can get quite uncomfortable. But as we discussed, the right treatment methods can help get rid of the dead skin on feet. Read the following section to know more.

Treatment Methods You Can Try To Remove Dead Skin From Your Feet

1. Exfoliate Your Feet

If you are wondering how to make your feet soft, exfoliation is the answer. Exfoliation is a technique that involves removing dead skin from the foot surface with a physical or chemical exfoliator.
Physical exfoliators include:

• Foot scrubs (you can buy them or make them at home by mixing fruits, honey, sugar, and warm water)
• Electronic callus removers
• Body brushes

Chemical exfoliators include lotions or thin liquids. They generally contain alpha-hydroxy acidsⁱ  A group of plant-derived acids used in skin care products as exfoliants. (like glycolic acid) that dissolve dead cells on the skin surface (7). Foot peels are the other chemical exfoliators that you can try.

Caution: Check the list of ingredients thoroughly as some foot peels contain artificial fragrances and alcohols that may irritate sensitive skin.

Sashie, a YouTuber, demonstrated a quick and effective method for removing dead skin cells from feet using apple cider vinegar and sea salt. After a 30 minute soak, she goes in with her pedicure tools to scrub at her feet, showing, “As you guys can see, my feet are nice and smooth…; they look amazing. As you guys can see, they look smooth, they look soft, they look moisturized (i).” She emphasizes the transformative impact of this self-care routine along with petroleum jelly for the feet, promising to turn dry and cracked feet into soft, beautiful ones.

2. Moisturize Your Feet Regularly

Regularly moisturizing your feet can help reduce existing dry skin and prevent new dry skin from accumulating under the feet surface. Make sure to moisturize your feet after using an exfoliator. You may also use a pumice stone to help the skin seal the moisture (more on this later).

When choosing moisturizing products, look for ones that contain:

• Emollients, which include plant-based butters and oils
• Humectants, such as aloe, urea, and hyaluronic acid
• Occlusives, such as lanolin, petrolatum, and coconut oil (8)

Caution:

Avoid moisturizers, creams, and lotions that contain alcohol, artificial colors, and added fragrances. They can worsen dry skin.

3. Use A Pumice Stone Or A Foot File

Did You Know?

A real pumice stone is light or medium gray and looks like a sponge.

1. Soak the feet in warm water for some time to soften the dead skin.
2. Take a pumice stone or foot file and wet it with warm water.
3. Rub it gently over the dead skin or callus in a circular motion.
4. Rinse the dead skin off the feet and repeat the process if necessary.
5. Dry the feet and moisturize them with a good-quality foot cream, lotion, or oil.

Caution:

Do not use a pumice stone on injured or sore areas as it can aggravate skin dryness and even cause damage.

4. Soak Feet In Warm Water

Soaking your feet in warm water helps soothe and loosen hard and callused skin. Anecdotal evidence suggests that it also improves blood circulation to the feet and may keep the skin from going dry again.

Add a small amount of vinegar to the foot soak. Vinegar may help disinfect your feet and eliminate foot odor (9). You can also include any of the following ingredients to your foot soak:

• Lemon Juice

The citric acid in lemons is believed to break down the stubborn dead skin and foot calluses. However, research is limited in this regard. Lemons may help smoothen skin (10). Here’s how you can do it:

1. Mix two parts lemon juice with one part sugar. 
2. Gently scrub the mixture onto the rough areas of your feet.
3. Leave it on for 5 to 7 minutes.
4. Rinse with warm water.

Caution: Avoid using lemon on foot skin if you have any injury, cracks, or open wounds. The natural acids in lemons can cause a burning sensation.

• Epsom Salt

Epsom salt is essentially a crystal form of a mineral compound called magnesium sulfate. A study found that bathing in magnesium-rich Dead Sea salt water improved skin hydration, reduced roughness, and calmed inflammation in people with dry, atopic skin. The treatment strengthened the skin barrier, especially in those with high water loss. These benefits are likely due to magnesium, which helps the skin retain moisture and repair itself (11). Here’s how you can do it:

1. Dissolve Epsom salt in water.
2. Soak your feet in the solution for 20 minutes. 
3. Use a foot brush or a pumice stone to gently exfoliate your dry and cracked feet.

This may help remove dead skin from your feet and also boost skin hydration.

• Oatmeal Scrub

A study found that colloidal oatmeal reduces skin inflammation and dryness. Lab tests showed that oatmeal extracts lower inflammation, while a lotion with colloidal oatmeal improved dry, itchy, and rough skin in 29 women. These benefits are due to oatmeal’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties (12). This treatment offers hope for those struggling with skin issues. Here’s how you can do it:

1. Take oatmeal and rose water in equal parts. 
2. Mix both ingredients to make a DIY foot scrub.
3. Gently apply it on your feet. 
4. Leave it on for 20 to 30 minutes.
5. Use a foot brush to exfoliate the feet.
6. Rinse with cold water, and let your feet dry.

5. Use Paraffin Wax

Quick Tip

Always consult a dermatologist before using paraffin wax, as it may not be suitable for all skin types.

Paraffin wax is a soft wax melted at a medium temperature of 125° F (51°C). It may help remove dead skin from your feet and make the skin softer. However, more research is warranted to further understand this property of paraffin wax.

You can either take a paraffin wax treatment at home using an at-home paraffin wax bath or get it done at a salon that offers a paraffin wax pedicure treatment.

Caution: Do not use paraffin wax treatment in case:

• You have an open sore or rash on your feet
• You have poor blood circulation
• You have lost sensation in your feet

6. Use Aspirin

Here’s how you can do it:

1. Crush 4 to 6 aspirin pills into powder form. 
2. Mix the powder with a teaspoon of lemon juice and a few drops of water. 
3. Gently spread the paste onto the affected areas.
4. Leave it on for 5 to 10 minutes. 
5. Rinse the area with warm water.

Though this method has no scientific backing, it is quite commonly accepted.

7. Wear Moisturizing Socks During Bed Time

Good-quality moisturizing gel-lined socks are a simple answer to your query on how to remove dead skin from the feet. These socks contain natural oils and vitamins that help hydrate and repair the dry skin under your feet. You can get similar results with a good pair of cotton socks and a moisturizer.

Apply a generous amount of moisturizer to your feet and wear a pair of good cotton socks. Remove the socks the next morning and rinse your feet thoroughly.

8. Baking Soda Soak For Feet

A baking soda soak is a natural and effective way to remove dry skin and rejuvenate tired feet. Studies show that a bath with baking soda can help remove dead skin (exfoliate scales) (13). Baking soda’s exfoliating properties help slough off dead skin cells, while its alkaline nature softens calluses and rough patches. Here’s how you can do it:

1. Mix 3 tablespoons of baking soda in warm water to create the soak. 
2. Soak your feet for 15-20 minutes, allowing the baking soda to loosen dry skin.
3. Gently scrub them with an exfoliant glove, pumice stone, or foot brush. 
4. Pat dry your feet.
5. Apply a rich moisturizer or foot cream to lock in the moisture.

Regular use of this homemade foot soak recipe can leave your feet feeling smoother, softer, and free from rough patches. You can also take the same measures to prevent dead skin buildup in your feet in the first place. Keep reading to learn more about it.

Foot Care Routine To Prevent Dead Skin Under Feet

Embracing a simple foot care routine can help you prevent dryness, cracks, and dead skin buildup. Follow these simple steps to maintain soft and healthy feet:

• Wash Your Feet Daily: Use mild soap and warm water to remove dirt and bacteria. Dry your feet thoroughly, especially between the toes.
• Exfoliate Regularly: Use a pumice stone, foot scrub, or gentle exfoliator twice a week to remove dead skin.
• Moisturize: Apply a foot cream or lotion daily, focusing on heels and dry areas. 
• Wear Breathable Shoes: Opt for well-fitted, moisture-wicking footwear to prevent excessive sweating and dryness.
• Trim Nails Properly: Cut toenails straight to avoid ingrown nails and infections.
• Stay Hydrated: Drinking enough water may help keep your skin soft and prevent excessive dryness.
• Use Foot Masks or Overnight Treatments: Apply a thick moisturizer before bed and wear cotton socks to lock in moisture.

Seasonal Foot Care Tips

The seasons play an important role in ensuring your foot health. Below are the seasonal foot care tips for you.

Spring:

• Switch to open-toed or breathable shoes gradually to prevent friction blisters.
• Start exfoliating more often as you transition from winter dryness.

Summer:

• Keep feet cool and dry to avoid sweat buildup and fungal infections.
• Apply sunscreen to exposed feet to prevent sunburn and dryness.
• Moisturize after swimming to counteract chlorine and saltwater effects.

Autumn:

• Adjust to closed shoes by ensuring they fit well and do not cause any pressure on the feet.
• Begin deep moisturizing routines to prepare for colder months.

Winter:

• Use thicker, oil-based moisturizers to combat extreme dryness.
• Wear warm, breathable socks to protect your feet from cold and cracking.
• Soak feet in warm water with Epsom salt weekly to relieve dryness and improve circulation.

By following these routines and adjusting for seasonal needs, you can keep your feet smooth, healthy, and free from dead skin all year round.

Infographic: 5 Easy Ways To Remove Dead Skin From Feet

Factors like heat, humidity, aging, and obesity may contribute to hard and dry skin. The good news is that a few simple remedies can help keep your feet nourished, smooth, and soft. We have rounded up 5 simple methods to remove dead skin from your feet in the infographic below. Take a look!

Illustration: StyleCraze Design Team

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the best tools for foot exfoliation?

Pumice stones, foot files, and exfoliating scrubs are some of the best tools that remove dead skin gently and smooth out rough patches on your feet.

How often should I exfoliate my feet?

Exfoliating your feet once or twice a week is generally enough to keep them smooth and prevent dead skin buildup.

Should you cut off the dead skin on your feet?

You should not cut, pinch, or forcibly pull out any hard dead skin buildup on your skin. Instead, you may use any of the above methods to help soften the skin and exfoliate the dead skin out gently.

Is vaseline good for feet?

Yes, anecdotal evidence suggests that applying Vaseline on dry, cracked feet and leaving it on overnight can help seal your skin’s natural moisture while making it smooth and soft. It is a great home remedy for cracked heels and dry feet.

Is toothpaste good for feet?

With its tiny abrasive particles, toothpaste might help enhance the exfoliating effects of a foot file or pumice stone. However, it would be best if you did not use it as a traditional home remedy to treat dead skin on the feet.

Illustration: Dead Skin Under Feet: Causes, Symptoms, And Treatment

Image: Stable Diffusion/StyleCraze Design Team

Learn how to get rid of dead skin on the bottom of your feet with this easy video tutorial. Dive into it to help you get soft and smooth feet in no time.

Was this article helpful?

Reviewer Author Editor Fact Checker

Dr. M. Khawar NazirMBBS

       

Dr. M. Khawar Nazir has 10 years of experience in cosmetic dermatology and is the CEO of Boston Aesthetics Lahore, Pakistan. He earned his MBBS degree from Nishtar Medical College, Multan, Pakistan, and did his post graduation from Boston University, School Of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Read full bio of Dr. M. Khawar Nazir

Annie JangamBeauty & Lifestyle Writer

 

Annie Jangam is a researcher-turned-content writer with 11 years of experience. She enjoys dissecting complex clinical studies and shuffling through the scientific jargon to make science interesting and easy to understand.

Read full bio of Annie Jangam

Eshna DasAssociate Editor

Eshna is an associate editor and a certified skin care coach. She has over three years of experience, a triple main bachelor’s degree in psychology, English, and journalism from Mount Carmel College, Bengaluru, and a master’s degree in psychology from Sampurna Montfort College, Bengaluru.

Read full bio of Eshna Das

Swathi ESenior Beauty & Lifestyle Writer

Swathi holds a postgraduate degree in English Literature from The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad, and a diploma in English Journalism from the Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Kottayam. With over three years of experience writing on beauty, health, and lifestyle, she is also a certified skin care coach.

Read full bio of Swathi E